addiction treatment programs Archives - Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery

How to Plan for Long-Term Addiction Recovery

Posted on June 15, 2023August 26, 2024 by cmarnew

Addiction is a chronic disease that cannot be cured by simply quitting cold turkey. Those who are struggling with severe addiction might spend anywhere from six to 12 months in an addiction treatment program. For those that repeatedly return to opioids or alcohol after months or years of sobriety, a long-term recovery program will work to finally control your addiction. When you speak with one of our trained therapists, they will give you a complete program overview of what your long-term recovery will look like.

At our addiction treatment center in Colorado, we offer addiction treatment programs that will help you manage your addiction no matter how long it takes. When you are ready to begin, call 833.448.0127 to speak with a therapist about starting a long-term recovery program.

Three Stages of Long-Term Addiction Recovery

Most addiction treatment programs tailor toward the patient’s specific needs, but each treatment plan falls into three stages of recovery. When done correctly, these stages will run simultaneously so you can build healthy coping skills for sustainable recovery.

1. Medically Assisted Detoxification

Depending on how severe your addiction is and what substance you are abusing will determine how severe your withdrawal symptoms can be. Drugs like suboxone and buprenorphine can help ease some of the withdrawal symptoms you will experience while you detox.

Convulsions
Vomiting
Chills and shivering
Hallucinations
Depression

This first stage is physically punishing, and our supportive therapists will help you through this stage until you are ready to move on. Some detox programs can last from three to six months, depending on the severity of the addiction.

2. Rehabilitation Therapy

Once the drugs or alcohol are out of your system, now you will begin the stage of learning about the underlying causes of addiction and how you can avoid relapse in the future. Some of the therapies and programs you might participate in include:

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy

Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns that are associated with addiction. This type of therapy helps people learn how to develop healthier coping skills, manage cravings, and recognize triggers in order to prevent relapse.

Multidimensional Family Therapy

Multidimensional family therapy (MDFT) combines individual, group, and family interventions. It focuses on the relationships between the addicted person and their family to address underlying issues related to substance use.

Case Management

Case management is a personalized approach to treatment that focuses on the individual needs of the patient. It includes helping patients obtain resources to support their recovery and establishing an appropriate aftercare plan. Case managers provide links between medical, social, legal, and mental health services so that people with substance use disorders can receive comprehensive care.

Individual Therapy

Individual therapy addresses the issues that contribute to substance use. This type of therapy helps people identify negative thought patterns and behaviors associated with their substance use, develop healthier coping strategies, and learn how to recognize triggers for relapse.

3. Continued Support

After you have gone through time in detox and cognitive-behavioral therapy, your support does not stop once you go back out into the world. You won’t be alone while you continue with your long-term recovery program.

Continued care is essential for a successful recovery, and many programs will help in your continued fight against addiction.

Telehealth – Remote counseling sessions can help when you can’t get to your treatment center.
Outpatient group therapy – Building lifelong bonds with those in your group will be a powerful tool to help you maintain your recovery.
Friends and family – Your loved ones want to see you healthy and happy and are there for you to help keep you focused on your goals.

Planning for Long-Term Addiction Recovery at Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery

Before you begin a long-term addiction recovery program, you will need to take care of several things, as your treatment can sometimes take several weeks or months. Financial and personal responsibilities will need to be addressed, so you do not have to worry about them during your treatment program. Some of the things we can help with include:

Power of attorney – Having someone responsible for your affairs while in recovery is crucial if you are responsible for property or a family.
Work responsibilities – Talk with your employer about your recovery and let them know how much time you will need. Many companies will hold your job and may offer financial assistance.
At-home responsibilities – If you are single and have pets, they will need to be cared for. You will want those fur babies happy and healthy when you return.

At Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery, we understand the difficulties in planning for long-term addiction recovery. We will work with you as best we can to make your time with us productive and life-changing. When you are ready to start your recovery, call 833.448.0127 today to talk to a member of our team.

Heroin Overdose Symptoms

Posted on April 12, 2023August 26, 2024 by cmarnew

An overdose is taking a high dosage of a substance that causes harm to the body. People who use drugs such as heroin may get addicted to and become tolerant of the drug. Thus, they may use a higher amount of the drug than their body can handle. Continued drug use may lead to an overdose, which can be fatal. However, early identification of heroin overdose symptoms can prevent further harm and help individuals recover.

If you’re battling an addiction to heroin, start the addiction treatment program ay CMAR today by calling 833.448.0127.

What Are the Symptoms of a Heroin Overdose?

Heroin is one of the most addictive drugs manufactured from the opium poppy plant. Since individuals purchase heroin illegally, they may lack information on the strength of the substance. Also, some sellers mix this substance with other dangerous drugs such as fentanyl. This increases the potency of the drug and the potential side effects.

A person may show various heroin overdose symptoms depending on their usage. For instance, the purity of the drug and the amount taken determine the symptoms one shows. Moreover, using this substance alongside other drugs such as alcohol may affect the signs shown.

What are the symptoms of a heroin overdose? Some of the early signs include:

Shallow breathing
Weak pulse
Blue nails
Low blood pressure

Overdosing on heroin can also lead to constipation, confusion, and drowsiness. Other signs of a heroin overdose are gasping for breath, pale skin, and a discolored tongue.

Seeking heroin overdose treatment can help control the effects of the drug. However, if someone does not obtain medical help, they may experience severe heroin overdose symptoms. For instance, one may lose consciousness and experience spasms and seizures. In other cases, a person might stop breathing or experience visual hallucinations.

Heroin Overdose Treatment

Overdosing on heroin may cause one to fall into a coma, which puts their life at risk. For example, if one vomits while unconscious, they may choke and die. So, it is crucial to obtain emergency medical attention if one suspects a person is overdosing. It’s also important to keep the person awake and get information about the incident. Such information includes the amount of heroin used and if the individual took other drugs.

Medics can treat a heroin overdose using a naloxone antidote. This drug will cause an immediate withdrawal of heroin from the body, leading to withdrawal effects such as stomach pain and diarrhea. Seeking help from an opioid treatment center can promote safety and comfort during withdrawal.

Heroin Addiction Treatment

Many people who overdose on heroin are already addicted to the substance. Still, depending on their tolerance, one can overdose on the drug the first time they use it. Seeking heroin addiction treatment or a medication-assisted treatment program can help a person stop using the substance and avoid overdosing.

However, withdrawing from heroin can lead to adverse side effects, such as seizures. Therefore, one should detox in a facility that offers medication-assisted treatment. Some of the most common drugs used to reduce heroin withdrawal effects are methadone and buprenorphine.

During treatment, one can undergo therapy to help them deal with the psychological aspect of addiction. Individual therapy also helps one manage the stress associated with prolonged drug abuse. Some of the therapies used in heroin addiction treatment include;

Family therapy
Individual therapy treatment
Cognitive-behavioral therapy
Group therapy

Start Recovering Today at CMAR

Heroin overdose symptoms may escalate and lead to death if one does not get treatment. At CMAR, we provide an outpatient treatment program for heroin addiction. We supplement our addiction treatment with peer support and physical healthcare services. This measure ensures that a person is in a proper mental and physical state for treatment. Contact CMAR at 833.448.0127 or online to start your long-term heroin addiction treatment.

How Can Medication-Assisted Treatment Help You?

Posted on January 3, 2023 by cmarnew

Detox can be the most challenging stage of recovery to complete. During detox, you may experience mild to severe withdrawal symptoms, as well as cravings that make detox tough to get through. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) can help you reduce your cravings and withdrawal symptoms, giving you a fighting chance to complete detox and move forward into rehab.

Addiction treatment centers in Colorado use MAT in combination with other forms of treatment such as emergency medical care, 24/7 supervision, and a fully licensed medical staff to ensure that you recover safely without relapsing. MAT can also be instrumental in helping you overcome your cravings during the rehab stage of your recovery. To find out more about MAT, contact Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery at 833.448.0127 today.

Learn More About Medication-Assisted Treatment

What is MAT? It is the use of medication combined with other forms of treatment. In most cases, it gives you more control over your recovery by reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Some forms of medication can reverse the effects of drugs such as opioids, preventing life-threatening overdoses and other side effects.

Although MAT is not a primary form of treatment, it can lighten rehab’s burden by making you more comfortable, normalizing your brain chemistry, and blocking the euphoric effects of certain drugs. Best of all, most medications that we use are non-addictive. So, you do not have to worry about transferring your addiction from one drug to another.

One of the reasons why MAT is so effective is because it treats addiction as a chronic disorder. The goal is to manage your symptoms and cravings over an extended period of time, making it easier for you to focus on other therapeutic methods and build a lasting foundation for your recovery. As you work through the underlying causes of your addiction, you become more likely to maintain your recovery in the future.

What MAT Programs Are Available for Treatment?

There are several different medication types on the market today, many of them approved by the FDA for addiction treatment. Some of the most common medications include:

Naloxone – Used to reverse the effects of opioids, such as heroin and fentanyl
Naltrexone – Blocks opioid receptors, preventing the euphoric effect of opioids
Methadone – Used to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms
Buprenorphine – Used to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms
Disulfiram – Used to create an unpleasant reaction when combined with alcohol

Acamprosate – Used to reduce cravings for alcohol

Each of these medications is used for different reasons and can address the effects of different drugs. When used correctly, they are highly effective in helping you overcome your addiction.

4 Benefits of MAT in Addiction Treatment

There are a number of ways that medication-assisted treatment at an addiction treatment center can help you, including:

Overdose Survival

When you overdose on opioids, your breathing will slow down or stop. This symptom can cause multiple health problems or fatalities. Although opioid addiction treatment centers provide a full medical staff, medications such as naloxone can reduce the effects of opioids and stop overdose. It can be a life-saving medication for many of those struggling with addiction.

Better Recovery Rates

One of the biggest struggles you may face in a substance abuse treatment program deals with your cravings. MATs are highly effective in curbing your cravings and blocking the effects of opioids and other drugs. In essence, they clear the path of recovery, giving you a better chance of completing your program without relapse.

A Decrease in Criminal Activity

People who use drugs are more likely to commit crimes to continue their addiction. Getting arrested and facing penalties does not always deter users from looking for more drugs. MAT programs are effective in reducing illicit drug use and related crimes. It can help someone who must complete a mandatory addiction treatment program after being charged with drug possession or distribution.

Higher Employment Rates

If your drug habit keeps you from getting and keeping a job, medication-assisted treatment can help. MAT programs help you practice more self-control. As a result, you show up to work on time, get your work done, and perform consistently. You don’t have to worry about losing another job.

Medication-Assisted Treatment Available at Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery

At Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery, we want to help you overcome your addiction to drugs or alcohol. Our medication-assisted treatment program is able to promote a lasting recovery without addiction. Call Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery at 833.448.0127 to get started with your treatment program today.

Step 4 in the 12-Step Process

Posted on March 23, 2022 by cmarnew

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]“Made a searching and fearless moral inventory of ourselves.”

In the first three steps of the twelve-step program, we are asked to recognize that our lives have become unmanageable, to identify and believe in a Power greater than ourselves, and to decide to turn our will over to this higher Power. In step four, however, we begin to engage in deep, intentional self-reflection. In essence, we ask, ‘Who am I?’

At first glance, this question is seemingly simple. We might answer with such things as where we live, what our name is, how old we are, our ethnicity, heritage, race, religion, and hobbies, among others. While these pieces of our identity are an important part of us, it is not exactly what step four is asking of us. Step four focuses on taking a moral inventory.
In a moral inventory, we reflect on our lives, assessing for and recording our perceived character deficits, strengths, and weaknesses. Topics that typically arise in moral inventories include resentments, anger, fears, pride, self-will, self-pity, guilt, shame, relationships, and sex. The purpose of this exercise is to gain more clarity and awareness on who we are, such that we can develop an awareness of how our understanding of ourselves both contributes to our problematic substance use and may aid us in the recovery process.

In taking a moral inventory, we will surely encounter negative thought patterns, destructive self-talk, overwhelming emotions, and value incongruent behaviors that have fueled the continuance of our addictions. In so long as we keep our shame, regrets, anger, and resentments secret, our problematic substance use will persist in efforts to cope with these unpleasant feelings. As uncomfortable and painful as it may be to connect with these feelings, studies have shown, time and time again, that reflecting upon and sharing these feelings with a trusted individual (i.e. sponsor, therapist, partner, friend) can be incredibly healing. Positive effects on an individual’s mental, emotional, physical, and spiritual health, are ultimately to be expected. The moral inventory is an essential component of recovery.

In step four, we gain a better understanding of who we are, how our affective experiences and behavioral patterns contribute to our addiction, and how our strengths may aid us in recovery.

We begin to take accountability for our problematic use as we redirect our blame for others towards curiosity about ourselves.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Step 5 in the 12-Step Process

Posted on March 23, 2022 by cmarnew

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]“Admitted to God, to ourselves, and to another human being the exact nature of our wrongs.”

I want you to think of a time that you kept something secret. Maybe it was a bigger secret, such as an affair or a time that you hurt someone, or maybe it was a smaller secret, such as a time that you were embarrassed. Whatever the case is, I want you to remember that secret. I want you to think about what drove you to keep this thing under wraps. I want you to reflect on how doing so impacted you. Really, take a moment to reflect before reading on.

Often times, we keep secrets in efforts to protect our egos. We think that if others were to know what it is we have done, they would see us as the person that we so desperately fear becoming. For example, if a partner were to find out about an affair, we fear they will see us as untrustworthy. If a friend were to find out about how we spoke ill of them behind their back, we fear they will see us as a bad person. Or, if a parent were to find out about our struggles with substance use, we fear they will see us as flawed. Therefore, we may elect to keep actions, feelings, and thoughts to ourselves in hopes that others will not see us in the same negative light we fear seeing ourselves in.

Makes sense, right? I mean, if we can hold onto our secrets, thus preventing others from knowing us fully, what is the problem?

Well, unfortunately secrets come with a toll. A toll that tethers irritability, anxiety, remorse, and depression, among others, to our lives. When we hide our wrongdoings from the world, we decide that we will carry the burden alone. We keep others away and place ourselves on an island where no one can get to us; we isolate. When we isolate, we do not even give others the chance to respond to our secrets. We cut off any possibility for compassion or love before we even have the opportunity to receive it. We cement in ourselves the very wretched feelings that we had hoped to avoid. For the addict, the toll means continued substance use or relapse.

Fortunately, there is another path to take. This is the path of connection, admission, and confession to another. Instead of putting ourselves on the island of isolation, we draw upon our moral inventory to share our secrets and wrongdoings with a trusted individual, whether that be a sponsor, friend, or therapist. In doing so, we share ourselves. We allow ourselves to be seen and understood. We open up the doors for compassion and love to enter. Often, we then begin to experience ourselves differently. Not as flawed creatures, but as a human beings.

Although this path is not a cakewalk, it is essential. It is perhaps the most important part of recovery.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Step 2 in the 12-Step Process

Posted on February 7, 2022 by cmarnew

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STEP TWO
“Came to believe that a Power greater than ourselves could restore us to sanity.”

In my experience, step two is often a sticking point for people. This step asks participants to acknowledge and accept a higher power and to recognize that only this higher power can and will remove the individual’s compulsions related to substance use or problem behaviors. The purpose of this step is to build upon step one in realizing the individual’s powerlessness while also generating a spiritual and hopeful mindset. In other words, accepting that the individual cannot overcome their addiction alone and, in doing so, developing trust, a sense of support, and hopefulness through this belief.

Now, why is it that I say step two often presents a sticking point for people? Much of that has to do with the term “higher power.” Many hear about the importance of a belief in a higher power and immediately assume that that means the individual must believe in God. Although many twelve-steppers do believe in God as their higher power, the assumption that a higher power and God are synonymous is inaccurate. In fact, there is no requirement that an individual must believe in God or subscribe to any specific religious beliefs to participate in twelve-step programming. Instead, the term higher power is intended to be rather broad such that the individual may connect with a higher power that they find to be personally meaningful.

Since an individual’s higher power must have personal significance, it may differ from others in the program. However, the important part is not so much what the higher power is, as it is the humility, belief, and openness that comes from the recognition of a higher power. If the individual does not come into the program with a well-defined personal higher power, then this step invites the individual to reflect on how they define their own higher power.

Below, you will find examples of several different types of higher powers that have been useful to various individuals in recovery:

God or other religious figure: If an individual enters the program with a preexisting belief in God or other religious figure, this belief can be a useful foundation in recovery.
Nature: The natural world around us can serve as a higher power. We can see, feel, smell, taste, and touch nature’s force. It is always available to us.
Science: Some may rely on the scientific and neurochemical underpinnings of addiction to make sense their personal journey of addiction and recovery.
Morality and Values: Consider what living a meaningful, fulfilling, and moral life means to you. It may mean providing for your family or service to the community, among others. Personal morals and values can be powerful guides in recovery.
Twelve-step programs: That’s right, a higher power can also be the twelve-step program itself. Hearing stories of recovery and surrounding yourself with people and programs that support your recovery can instill a sense of support and hopefulness.

While my hope is that the list above may be useful in helping you identify your own higher power, it is by no means exhaustive. I would encourage you to engage in self-reflection and discussions with others to better understand what higher power means to you.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Step 1 in the 12-Step Process

Posted on February 7, 2022 by cmarnew

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STEP ONE
“We admitted we were powerless over our addiction – that our lives had become unmanageable.”

What does the word ‘powerless’ mean to you? What images or feelings does it conjure up? In my experience, it often brings about associations of weakness, inadequacy, and incapability. For those of us familiar with Greek mythology, perhaps you think of Sisyphus’ powerlessness in his eternal struggle of pushing the boulder up the hill, only for it to roll down every time that he approached the top of the hill. He was a prisoner to this task and, as such, the ensuing feelings of weakness, inadequacy, and incapability that came with it. That is exactly why Zeus punished Sisyphus with this hopeless task. Well, what if Sisyphus had realized and accepted his own powerlessness in this task? What if he accepted the hopelessness in getting the boulder to the top of the hill? How might that have changed things for him?

In step one of the twelve-step program, we are asked to admit a powerlessness over our substance or behavior, recognizing that our lives are currently ungovernable. Given the aforementioned associations to ‘powerlessness’, it is entirely understandable to respond to this step with resistance. Perhaps we think we can simply work harder to control our use. Or perhaps we deny the extent to which the substance or behavior influences our lives. (How many times have you said or heard the phrase: “I could stop my use if I really wanted to”?)

When we feel powerless, there is a natural and instinctual drive to tighten our grip, clamp down, and attempt to secure power and control. However, step one contends that, paradoxically, there is a certain power in admitting our powerlessness; that we are granted a hope in admitting our hopelessness. In recognizing our inability to control our use, we actually form a solid bedrock and foundation for working towards happy, fulfilling, and meaningful lives. In recognizing and accepting our own limitations, only then do we enable ourselves to look beyond our own beliefs. Only then do we open our minds to different ways of thinking. Only then are we truly willing to listen. Only then are we truly willing to try something different. Only then are we truly willing to change.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

12-Steps Overview

Posted on February 2, 2022 by cmarnew

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Often times, people think of recovery synonymously with twelve-step programs. While there are a variety of different approaches to recovery, the twelve-step program has certainly held its place as a staple in addiction recovery. Given the popularity and notoriety of the twelve-step program, it seems appropriate to do a brief review of the program’s philosophy and current applications.

The twelve-step program is most commonly associated with Alcoholics Anonymous. However, other more targeted twelve-step programs have emerged over the years to include other drug addictions (i.e. Narcotics Anonymous, Cocaine Anonymous, Crystal Meth Anonymous, etc.) and behavioral addictions (Gamblers Anonymous, Food Addicts Anonymous, Co-Dependents Anonymous, etc.). Regardless of the substance or problem behavior in focus, all twelve-step programs rely on adaptations to the original twelve steps developed for Alcoholics Anonymous, which was the first twelve-step program. Those twelve steps may be boiled down to the following ideas:

An honest admission of powerlessness over the substance or problem behavior
A belief that a higher power can assist in recovery
A recognition that you must include others in your recovery
An inventory of current problems and how substance use or the problem behavior affected them
An admission of wrongdoings to their higher power and another person
An acceptance of flaws in personal character
The humility to ask a higher power to assist in recovery
Constructing a list of those you have harmed through your substance use or problem behavior
Making amends to those you have harmed
Continually taking an inventory of current problems and wrongdoings, and being willing to admit when wrong
Fostering a sense of awareness through connection and engagement with your higher power
Engage in service activities to assist others in recovery and daily life

The twelve steps listed above may be broken down into three domains: physical, mental, and spiritual. These three dimensions were intentionally developed and included in the twelve-steps to be a reflection of the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of the human experience. The philosophy underwriting this design is that the problems that arise in addiction present themselves in physical, mental, and spiritual domains. Thus, the path to recovery must include these same elements.
Twelve-step programs continue to be popular due to the success that many individuals have experienced in their recovery journeys. Additionally, many individuals enjoy the sense of community at meetings, the availability of a concrete plan towards recovery, and the accessibility (twelve-step groups operate all over the world free of charge), among other reasons. Further, many of these meetings are now offered virtually over Zoom. If you are even the slightest bit curious about a twelve-step program, I would encourage you to attend an open meeting. You never know what the tide will bring.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

The Misplaced Solution

Posted on January 24, 2022 by cmarnew

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Think about a moment in your life that you wanted to bask in. You found a sense of peace, joy, or harmony that you wanted to fully take in and appreciate. Perhaps it was catching up and laughing with an old friend, perhaps it was feeling the warm sun shining down on your skin as you sat on a tropical beach, or perhaps it was the excitement you felt in your team winning the big game. When we encounter these moments, there is a natural tendency to want them to last. We want to appreciate what is happening for us here and now, while also doing what we can to hold onto these wonderful feelings. However, what happens when unpleasant feelings arise?

When feelings of anxiety, sadness, loneliness, and stress show up, we have a natural tendency in the opposite direction. We want to make them go away as they may feel unpredictable, uncontrollable, and unbearable. We want more of the “good” feelings and less of the “bad” ones. Makes sense, right? I mean, who in their right mind wants to feel anxious?

While there are a variety of things we can do to avoid these unpleasant feelings, a particularly common one resides in alcohol and drug use. The use of alcohol and other drugs triggers chemical reactions in our brains that numb unpleasant feelings and boost the pleasurable ones, thus, producing a sense of relief. However, this sense of relief is only temporary. Like all things, it does not last.

The substance wears off, the chemical reaction subsides, and those unpleasant feelings reappear. Well, what happens when these feelings come back? When that sense of helplessness or powerlessness sets in again? You might think about how drinking alcohol or using drugs had previously made those feelings go away and think, ‘Hey, that worked last time! Why not do it again?’ This makes sense. Humans are excellent learners. When we encounter challenges, we look for solutions. In this case, alcohol and drug use seems like an effective solution to this discomfort. When we regularly rely on use to navigate these feelings, we cross into addiction.

With time and repeated use, our brain chemistry changes such that our drug of choice may feel like the only escape from unpleasant feelings. However, as I had mentioned before, the unpleasant feelings will always return. They are unavoidable. However, as we continue using to avoid said feelings, we wander further away from our ambitions, integrity, and sense of purpose. As we do this, the feelings of anxiety, sadness, loneliness, and stress grow. What initially seemed like a sound solution, turns out to have been a misplaced solution.
By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

What is Addiction?

Posted on January 24, 2022 by cmarnew

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Hi there,
My name is Jonathan Fricke. I am a 4th year doctoral student studying clinical psychology at the University of Denver. Over the last several years, I have trained at community mental health clinics, a university counseling center, a hospital emergency department, and private practice settings, among others. Although I am relatively early on in my career, I began to notice some common themes come up in my clinical work across these varied settings. Those being: 1) clients experiencing challenges in relating to others (i.e. social anxiety, loneliness) and 2) the prevalence of both prescription and non-prescription substance use. Given these observations, I sought additional training in substance use treatment through didactic coursework in my graduate program and through clinical training at Colorado Medication Assisted Recovery (an intensive outpatient (IOP) and outpatient (OP) treatment facility in Thornton, Colorado). In this series of blog posts, I will be sharing what I have come to learn about both the etiology and treatment of addiction, as well as current events related to addiction and recovery.

Well, it seems like a reasonable place to start is with the question…

WHAT IS ADDICTION, TECHNICALLY SPEAKING?

The term addiction seems to be thrown around rather casually in much of our day-to-day lives. You might overhear a friend talking about their addiction to scrolling through TikTok, or perhaps a colleague that makes a comment about their addiction to the chocolate donuts at the bakery down the block. Are these seemingly flippant comments related to actual addictions?
Typically, addiction is associated with drugs and alcohol but may also include problematic behaviors related to food, exercise, sex, video games, and gambling, among others. Thus, scrolling TikTok or eating those chocolate donuts may qualify as addictions. However, we must first get a better understanding of what your friend’s and colleague’s relationships to TikTok and chocolate donuts, respectively, looks like. To get a better understanding, it is helpful to consult the Diagnostical and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-V). Note: the DSM-V is the gold standard when it comes to diagnosing addiction and use disorders.

The DSM-V criteria for addiction falls into four overarching categories.

Impaired Control
Social Problems
Risky Use
Physical Dependence

Within these four categories, the symptoms of addiction include:

Using more of a substance or more often than intended
Wanting to cut down or stop using but not being able to
Devoting significant time to obtaining, using, and recovering from use
Strong desire to use
Use resulting in neglected responsibilities at work, school, or home
Use resulting in social and interpersonal issues
Giving up activities they used to care about because of their substance use
Using in risky settings
Continued use despite known problems
Needing more of the substance to get the same effect
Having withdrawal symptoms when a substance isn’t used

According to the DSM-V, the presence of between two and five of these symptoms qualifies as a mild to moderate substance use disorder, whereas the presence of six or more of these symptoms qualifies as a severe substance use disorder (i.e. addiction).

So, does your friend have an addiction to scrolling TikTok? Does your colleague have an addiction to the chocolate donuts down the block? Do you wonder if you may have an addiction to something? Whether it meets full criteria or not, my hope is that by reflecting on the aforementioned DSM-V criteria, we may become more aware of some of our own addictive tendencies.

By Jonathan Fricke, MA[/vc_column_text][dt_fancy_separator][vc_empty_space height=”15″][vc_column_text]References

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders. In Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.).[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]